[C++]C++ Simple Lazy class
延遲載入是程式寫作時很重要的一個概念,能讓物件要用在建立,避免不必要的運算。這篇簡單示範一下如何使用VC++ 2010以後的Lambda表示式撰寫C++版本的Lazy類別,透過std::function與template搭配使用,可以將lambda或是Callback Function儲存,當物件要建立時再透過剛儲存的初始動作執行。
#include <functional>
template<class T>
class Lazy
{
#pragma region Var
private:
std::function<T (void)> _func;
T _result;
bool _bIsValueCreated;
#pragma endregion
#pragma region Private Property
private:
__declspec(property(get=Get_func,put=Set_func))
std::function<T (void)> m_func;
#pragma endregion
#pragma region Public Property
public:
__declspec(property(get=Get_result))
T m_result;
__declspec(property(get=Get_bIsValueCreated,put=Set_bIsValueCreated))
bool m_bIsValueCreated;
#pragma endregion
#pragma region Constructor & DeConstructor
public:
Lazy(std::function<T (void)> func)
{
Reset();
m_func = func;
}
~Lazy(void)
{
Reset();
}
#pragma endregion
#pragma region Property Process Method
private:
inline std::function<T (void)> Get_func()
{
return _func;
}
inline void Set_func(std::function<T (void)> value)
{
_func = value;
}
inline void Set_bIsValueCreated(bool value)
{
_bIsValueCreated = value;
}
public:
inline T Get_result()
{
if(!m_bIsValueCreated)
{
Init();
}
return _result;
}
inline bool Get_bIsValueCreated()
{
return _result;
}
#pragma endregion
#pragma region Protected Method
protected:
void Reset()
{
_func = NULL;
_result = NULL;
_bIsValueCreated = false;
}
#pragma endregion
#pragma region Public Method
public:
void Init()
{
if(m_bIsValueCreated)
return;
_result = m_func();
m_bIsValueCreated=true;
}
void ClearValue()
{
std::function<T (void)> func = m_func;
Reset();
m_func = func;
}
#pragma endregion
};
使用上像是下面這般,這邊示範的是將一個簡單的Lambda設給Lazy物件,Lambda裡面會做初始動作,這邊我以簡單的運算示意,透過Lazy.m_bIsValueCreated可以判斷是否已初始完成,而透過Lazy.m_result則是會做初始動作並將初始完的值回傳。
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
auto lazyObj = Lazy<int>([]()
{
return 1 + 2;
});
printf("IsValueCreated: %d\n",lazyObj.m_bIsValueCreated);
printf("Value: %d\n",lazyObj.m_result);
printf("IsValueCreated: %d\n",lazyObj.m_bIsValueCreated);
return 0;
}
運行結果如下,可以看到一開始是未初始化的,當使用了Lazy.m_result才會做初始的動作,也才可以取到我們想要的值。