Leaflet.js是一套適用於各種平台的 JavaScript 輕量地圖繪製工具，可以呈現類似 Google 地圖的效果，跟Google地圖相比，其API及擴充套件更加豐富及美觀。由於目前要使用有效的Google Api key需付費，否則會直接在Google地圖上顯示開發用的浮水印，詳見「Google Maps API 開始收費了？解析 Google 地圖費用與規則！」。因此另尋免費又好用的地圖工具Leaflet.js來進行開發。
案例情境：本專案使用特定社區資料(社區名稱、GPS座標、地址、序號、標記顏色等)，將其位置標記於leaflet地圖上。
在專案中確定是否安裝了leaflet.js，如下圖。
由於本範例僅供測試用，僅使用目前nuget上發佈的leaflet.js最新版本為0.7.3，但並非官方的最新版本，實際開發建議至leaflet官網下載最新版。
程式邏輯說明：本案例會存放一堆社區的json格式資料，當讀取所有資料至地圖前，會先檢驗資料的GPS座標的有效性，後續判斷是否要使用預設marker或具有編號的marker，最後將帶有編號的maker使用polygon方法繪製一個範圍區，並使用Circle方法來繪製所有的社區對於GPS指定中心點的半徑範圍。
程式碼如下：
<script src="~/Scripts/leaflet-0.7.3.js"></script>
<link href="~/Content/leaflet.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/icon?family=Material+Icons" rel="stylesheet">
<style>
#mapid { height: 690px; width: 1525px }
.marker-pin {
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 0;
background: #c30b82;
position: absolute;
transform: rotate(-45deg);
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
margin: -10px 0 0 -13px;
}
.marker-pin::after {
content: '';
width: 24px;
height: 24px;
margin: 3px 0 0 3px;
background: #fff;
position: absolute;
border-radius: 50%;
}
.custom-div-icon i {
position: absolute;
width: 22px;
font-size: 22px;
left: 0;
right: 0;
margin: 10px auto;
text-align: center;
}
.custom-div-icon i.awesome {
margin: 12px auto;
font-size: 17px;
}
.another-popup .leaflet-popup-content-wrapper {
background: #FFCC22;
color: black;
font-size: 12px;
line-height: 10px;
border-radius: 10px;
}
.another-popup .leaflet-popup-tip{
background: #FFCC22;
}
</style>
<div id="mapid"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
//社區群資料
var LocsA = [
{ "record_id": 1, "lat": "25.079995", "lon": " 121.568004", "title": "虛擬社區", "html": "台北市內湖區瑞光路X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 2, "lat": "25.048092", "lon": " 121.557293", "title": "XX經貿廣場", "html": "台北市松山區X德路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 3, "lat": "25.051343", "lon": " 121.578258", "title": "信X臻品", "html": "台北市松山區X德路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 4, "lat": "25.051470", "lon": " 121.554456", "title": "敦北X蘭大廈", "html": "台北市松山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 5, "lat": "25.048916", "lon": " 121.552769", "title": "敦X峰尚", "html": "台北市松山區北寧路X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 6, "lat": "25.048099", "lon": " 121.549372", "title": "XX大廈", "html": "台北市松山區X德路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 7, "lat": "25.051206", "lon": " 121.564433", "title": "珍X大樓", "html": "台北市松山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 8, "lat": "25.051292", "lon": " 121.561706", "title": "欣X世貿大廈", "html": "台北市松山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 9, "lat": "25.051684", "lon": " 121.563245", "title": "X運南京X民站", "html": "台北市松山區X台北市松山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 10, "lat": "25.051731", "lon": " 121.563236", "title": "環X門第", "html": "台北市松山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 11, "lat": "25.067478", "lon": " 121.591640", "title": "海X御璽", "html": "台北市內湖區民權東路X段X巷X弄X號 ", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 12, "lat": "25.032932", "lon": " 121.556142", "title": "大安X華", "html": "台北市大安區信義路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 13, "lat": "25.051833", "lon": " 121.556947", "title": "國X龍吉", "html": "台北市松山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 14, "lat": "25.028257", "lon": " 121.550118", "title": "全X便利商店_樂和店(阿良店長)", "html": "台北市大安區安和路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 15, "lat": "25.036637", "lon": " 121.499215", "title": "X立生活百貨", "html": "台北市萬華區廣州街X號", "priority_no": 2, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 16, "lat": "25.048081", "lon": " 121.554794", "title": "X佳生活百貨", "html": "台北市松山區X德路X段X號", "priority_no": 7, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 17, "lat": "25.048575", "lon": " 121.559793", "title": "50X", "html": "台北市松山區X德路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 18, "lat": "25.037464", "lon": " 121.505833", "title": "桂X苑", "html": "台北市萬華區桂林路X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 19, "lat": "25.051625", "lon": " 121.569811", "title": "自X仕", "html": "台北市松山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 9, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 20, "lat": "25.051381", "lon": " 121.558924", "title": "X(X東)", "html": "台北市松山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 21, "lat": "", "lon": "", "title": "虛擬社區2號", "html": "台北市中正區XXXX", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" }, //異常資料
{ "record_id": 54, "lat": "25.051382", "lon": " 121.558910", "title": "X舖", "html": "台北市松山區南京東路XX段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 55, "lat": "25.051737", "lon": " 121.543264", "title": "大X大樓", "html": "台北市中山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 56, "lat": "25.025960", "lon": " 121.530539", "title": "禮X", "html": "台北市大安區和平東路X段X巷X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 57, "lat": "25.031523", "lon": " 121.546650", "title": "忠X鳳盤", "html": "台北市大安區大安路X段X巷X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 58, "lat": "24.954322", "lon": " 121.353806", "title": "勝X生活百貨鶯歌店", "html": "新北市鶯歌區X新北市鶯歌區建國路X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 59, "lat": "25.051823", "lon": " 121.559096", "title": "噶X蘭展售中心", "html": "台北市松山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 60, "lat": "25.058549", "lon": " 121.551358", "title": "民X社區公寓", "html": "台北市松山區民生東路X段X巷X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 61, "lat": "25.057872", "lon": " 121.552248", "title": "立赫X生藥局", "html": "台北市松山區民生東路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 62, "lat": "25.056477", "lon": " 121.582051", "title": "將X酒", "html": "台北市內湖區內湖新明路X巷X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 63, "lat": "24.948733", "lon": " 121.379577", "title": "名X尊品", "html": "新北市樹林區大雅路X號", "priority_no": 1, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 64, "lat": "25.041627", "lon": " 121.564937", "title": "春X大廈", "html": "台北市信義區忠孝東路X段X號", "priority_no": 11, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 65, "lat": "25.050942", "lon": " 121.580304", "title": "萬X廣場", "html": "台北市南港區X德路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 66, "lat": "25.031092", "lon": " 121.552215", "title": "悠X盒子", "html": "台北市大安區安和路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 67, "lat": null, "lon": null, "title": "XX實業", "html": "台北市信義區松仁路X巷X號X樓", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" }, //異常資料
{ "record_id": 68, "lat": "25.047917", "lon": " 121.546079", "title": "漢X實業大樓", "html": "台北市松山區X德路X段X號XF", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 69, "lat": "25.051587", "lon": " 121.569959", "title": "城X商旅", "html": "台北市松山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 10, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 70, "lat": "25.044191", "lon": " 121.543590", "title": "X家懷生店", "html": "台北市大安區復興南路X段X號", "priority_no": 3, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 71, "lat": "25.080816", "lon": " 121.546511", "title": "全X直學店", "html": "台北市中山區大直街X號", "priority_no": 13, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 72, "lat": "25.059544", "lon": " 121.547628", "title": "立X藥局敦北店", "html": "台北市松山區敦化北路X巷X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 73, "lat": "25.058253", "lon": " 121.556542", "title": "柑X店民生店", "html": "台北市松山區民生東路X段X號", "priority_no": 12, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 74, "lat": "25.051180", "lon": " 121.562969", "title": "158X商辦", "html": "台北市松山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 8, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 75, "lat": "25.049235", "lon": " 121.546690", "title": "音X花園", "html": "台北市松山區X德路X段X巷X弄X號", "priority_no": 5, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 76, "lat": "25.085646", "lon": " 121.496002", "title": "永恆之X", "html": "新北市X重區集賢路X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 77, "lat": "25.051500", "lon": " 121.553879", "title": "56號商X", "html": "台北市松山區南京東路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 78, "lat": "25.049924", "lon": " 121.539458", "title": "教X部體育署", "html": "台北市中山區朱崙街X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 79, "lat": "25.033739", "lon": " 121.542053", "title": "X會大樓", "html": "台北市信義區信義路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 80, "lat": "25.033837", "lon": " 121.527910", "title": "信義X華苑", "html": "台北市信義區信義路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 81, "lat": "25.082192", "lon": " 121.546569", "title": "X家大直店", "html": "台北市中山區大直街X巷X號", "priority_no": 15, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 82, "lat": "25.080944", "lon": " 121.546514", "title": "X家新橫山店", "html": "台北市中山區大直街X號", "priority_no": 14, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 83, "lat": "25.049063", "lon": " 121.543729", "title": "貝森X夫", "html": "台北市中山區復興北路X號", "priority_no": 4, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 84, "lat": "25.009371", "lon": " 121.502004", "title": "仁X國寶", "html": "新北市永和區仁愛路X巷X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 85, "lat": "25.045825", "lon": " 121.524262", "title": "鳳X大廈", "html": "台北市中正區林森北路X巷X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 86, "lat": "25.045059", "lon": " 121.523522", "title": "X高時尚", "html": "台北市中正區林森北路X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 87, "lat": "25.097905", "lon": " 121.272718", "title": "凊X有限公司", "html": "桃園市蘆竹區7鄰後壁厝X之X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 88, "lat": "25.083237", "lon": " 121.552617", "title": "艾X爾大廈", "html": "台北市中山區台北市敬業X路X巷X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 89, "lat": "25.027074", "lon": " 121.526257", "title": "和平X苑", "html": "台北市大安區台北市和平東路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 90, "lat": "25.048139", "lon": " 121.551097", "title": "台X大樓", "html": "台北市松山區X德路X段X號", "priority_no": 6, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 91, "lat": "25.057052", "lon": " 121.634960", "title": "HY", "html": "新北市汐止區大同路X段X巷X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 92, "lat": "25.041622", "lon": " 121.554618", "title": "新東X通商", "html": "台北市大安區延吉街X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 93, "lat": "25.061068", "lon": " 121.522722", "title": "中XTED", "html": "台北市中山區中山北路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" },
{ "record_id": 94, "lat": "25.034983", "lon": " 121.545900", "title": "仁XA+", "html": "台北市大安區大安路X段X號", "priority_no": 0, "colorcode": "#FF3333" }];
// 建立 Leaflet 地圖
var map = L.map('mapid', {
closePopupOnClick: false
}).on('click', function () { /*this.closePopup();*/ });
var PositionX0 = 25.071885;
var PositionY0 = 121.548988;
// 設定經緯度座標
map.setView(new L.LatLng(PositionX0, PositionY0), 16);
// 設定圖資來源
var osmUrl='https://{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png';
var osm = new L.TileLayer(osmUrl/*, {minZoom: 8, maxZoom: 20}*/);
map.addLayer(osm);
var myIcon = L.icon({
iconUrl: '/Scripts/Images/001.png',
iconSize: [50, 50], // size of the icon
//shadowSize: [50, 64], // size of the shadow
//iconAnchor: [PositionX0, PositionY0], // point of the icon which will correspond to marker's location
//shadowAnchor: [4, 62], // the same for the shadow
//popupAnchor: [PositionX0, PositionY0-220] // point from which the popup should open relative to the iconAnchor
});
var marker0 = L.marker([PositionX0, PositionY0], { icon: myIcon }).addTo(map);
//popup0 跟 marker0 各自獨立(兩者沒用bindPopup()做綁定)
var popup0 = L.popup({
className: 'another-popup',
closeButton: false, //closeButton若改為true，則一旦popup0被關掉了，就沒辦法透過marker0打開
//autoClose: false
})
.setLatLng([PositionX0, PositionY0])
.setContent('<p style="text-align:center">收樂舍</p>')
.openOn(map);
var circle = L.circle([PositionX0, PositionY0], // 圓心座標
5000, // 半徑（公尺）
{
color: 'red', // 線條顏色
fillColor: '#f03', // 填充顏色
fillOpacity: 0.1 // 透明度
}
).addTo(map);
var marker;
var custom_icon;
var polyPos = [];
$.each(LocsA.sort(function (a, b) { return a.priority_no - b.priority_no}), function (index, element) {
if (element.lat != "" && element.lat != null && element.lon != "" && element.lon != null) { //沒加這X行就會把有問題GPS座標加入，整個地圖會壞掉(無法縮放及拖拉)
if (element.priority_no == 0) //使用預設圖標
{
marker = L.marker([element.lat, element.lon]).addTo(map);
marker.bindPopup(element.title);
}
else
{
polyPos.push([ parseFloat(element.lat), parseFloat(element.lon)]);
custom_icon = L.divIcon({
className: 'custom-div-icon',
html: "<div style='background-color:" + element.colorcode + ";' class='marker-pin'></div><i class='fa-alph'>" + element.priority_no + "</i>",
iconSize: [30, 42],
//iconAnchor: [15, 42],
popupAnchor: [element.lon -120 , element.lon - 130] //popup的顯示座標
});
marker = L.marker([element.lat, element.lon], { icon: custom_icon }).addTo(map);
marker.bindPopup(element.title, {
closeOnClick: false
}).openPopup();
}
}
});
var polyline = L.polygon(polyPos, {
color: 'blue', // 線條顏色
fillColor: 'blue', // 填充顏色
fillOpacity: 0.1 // 透明度
}).addTo(map);
</script>
※補充說明：
- leaflet.js的地圖功能顯示上面較為嚴謹：當GPS座標的X、Y軸資料有問題時(空白、NULL、數值錯誤)，則會瀏覽器上產生JS錯誤，連帶後面的座標資料都會無法載入，因此必須過濾掉異常資料。
- popup物件可綁定標記物件(marker)，也可獨立存在。若為綁定者，其參數數值的設定上，popup會以marker的相對位置做判斷，開發上較易調整差距；反之，若不綁定，則以marker的絕對位置做判斷。
- 使用內建的icon物件時，圖片預設的路徑位於「../Scripts/images/marker-icon-2x.png」，若從nuget上下載套件時，須注意該圖片存放的位置，避免無法顯示標記。
- popup物件的特性：預設為不顯示，若marker有使用bindpopup()進行綁定，則點擊marker時，會自動秀出綁定的popup，且會自動關閉其他marker上的popup，可以使用autoClose屬性來做控制。
- 承上，若使用nuget下載的leaflet.js，可能因版本較舊的關係，底層未針對autoClose屬性去做判斷設定，必須自行修改，或下載最新版自行測試。
- 若想客製popup的顯示樣式，可加入className屬性，自定義css樣式去做控制。
- 由於本專案的需求繪製的Polygon，須按照地標順序(priority_no)來產生線段(Polyline)，因此在逐筆資料Push到地圖前，就須將原json原始資料進行資料排序(Sort 方法中)。
執行後顯示結果：
參考來源：
- leaflet.js官方文件：https://leafletjs.com/
- 使用autoClose屬性，來控制popup的顯示狀態：https://jsfiddle.net/85a3frb3/
- 使用CSS來設計圖標樣式：https://www.geoapify.com/create-custom-map-marker-icon/
- 使用className屬性來套用特定樣式：https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/262053/multiple-popup-styles-for-leaflet
- 幾何形狀繪圖：https://www.igismap.com/leafletjs-point-polyline-polygon-rectangle-circle/
- 延伸閱讀wrld.js：https://www.wrld3d.com/wrld.js/latest/docs/examples/adding-a-leaflet-polygon/
